Dry shaver



Nov. 6, 1951 T. BAlLEY 2,573,758

DRY sHAvER Filed Feb. 13, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 INVENTOR. rHEooo/Qf ,5A/Ex ATTORNEYS.

Nov. 6, 195i T. BAILEY 2,573,758

DRY SI-IVER Filed Feb. l5, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 FIG. 3. 45 54 l4Z 52 5/ mi ij: 11'/ .334 "a4-Kaw /63 /35 35 FVG. 6. d 36 JNVENTolL /0 m5000425 54u 5g Patented Nov. 6, 1.951

UNITED S'IHIXTESY FATENT OFFICE DRY SHAVER' Theodore Bailey, Habana; Cuba Application February i3, 1948,' SerialNo. 8,218'

ICI; 304-43) 3 Claims. l

My invention relates tov dry Shavers; andfcorn'- prises an improvement ever my prior Patent N: 2,363,849, and dated'November 28,1944;

AnY object of my invention is to provide an improved dry shaver. A

A further object is to provide an improved dry shaver which includes aplurality of/cutter heads having differenthair-cutting characteristics.V

A--further'object of the invention is to provide an 'improved' dry shaver which includes sealedin lubricating means for certain of the Working parts thereof.

A `further objectof thefinvention -is toprovide an improved cutter" and shear bar Y' fora dry shaver.

A further object ofthe invention is to provide novel -means operatively connecting a motor to areciprocating cutter forl drivingthef-latte'r.A

A= further' objectn is toV provide an improved dry lshaver which` includes a` plurality' of' cutting heads; each* of-which includes a reciprocating cutterand novel-means for reciprocating each cutter simultaneously inoppositer directionsi Othery objects and advantagesJ residein',y the particular-'structure of the invention, combination and'v arrangement ofthe several parts there off and/or inthelparti'cularmethod of operation; allV ofwhich will 1be= readily apparentto those slilledin theartupon reference to the attached drawings,Y inconnection with the following specicatiom wherein y the `invention# is shown,l described yand claimed:

In' theY drawings Figurel is a-longitudinalA sectionalview` taken 'substantially onJV the plane oflthe lineV |-II of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is alongitudinal sectional view.v taken substantially onA theY plane of:A the line Y244-2 ai of Figure-1;

Figure 3' isf a1 transverse horizontal-section taken substantially on the plane of? the linei 5?-3 of fFigureZ;

Figure:` 4.1 is an enlarged.k fragmentary longitudi'nai vertical` sectionalrview` taken substantially on the plane of the `lineA lle-llvoffli'gure 5 ;l

Figure .5 .is a-transverse vertical sectional view takenisubstantiall'y on the plane'ofthe line'5-5 of :Figure 4 Figure. 6 is; al view'slike i Figure: 5; but showing a modified form offcutter. head1;

Figure 7 is an enlargedhorizontal fragmentary sectional view showing adetailA ofthe modified form;

Figure.8 yis an enlarged-'sectional-.view taken substantially.V on the-plane ofi the-line ,8J- 8i of Figure 3 f and showing ,I a` further` detail;

Figure 9`is an enlarged fragmentary'longitudi-y nal vertical section through one of the cutter headsand taken substantially on the planeof the line 9-9 of'Figure 1.

Referring speciiically to the drawings, and more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, the refer encecharacter I5 designates a hollow handleor casing in which is mounted by any suitable means, not show-n, any suitableY motor II for rotating a conventional drive shaft I2;v Thecasing, motoran'd shaft are conventional for4 dry Shavers-and form no part of my finvention.

The driveshaft I2 has fixed thereonvin 180 offset relation a pair of eccentric-s I3 andl I4 which operatively engageirespectively the forked lower ends I 'I and ISI of a pair of rock* levers I5 and It. A xed stub shaft I9 is threadedly secured, as at 29,- at one end `in the vhandle I0 and' extends inwardlythereof in parallel spaced relation to the drive shaft I2.` A- lubricant container 35 is concentrically disposed about said stationary shaft QY'and comprises a pair of opposed collars or sectionstl and 32 which are rotatable relative to each other. The intermediate portion of the lever I5'is journaled on the stationary shaft` igfand provides a--closure for the cup-shaped section 3l. The-upper end of the lever I5-is forked, as. at 2|, for operative engagement with a reduced portion 23,. Figure 2, of an actuating rod 25, a transverse arin 26 has `one end xedly secured to the other end oflever |6.- A longitudinalarm orportion 21 has one endixedly securedv to the other end of arm 26, forms a closure for one end lof the section 32 and terminates in a fork22 which engages a reduced portion corresponding to the reduced portion 23 aforesaid of'a drive rod 24. A lever 26. overlies the portion 21 aforesaid, and is journaled on the stationary shaft I9 and fixedly secured in any suitable manner, not shown,..to the portion Zl.- The lever`28includes a :laterally-directed arm 28 which'.` terminates in an upwardly-directedfork 29 which engages Va reduced section corresponding to the portion23 aforesaidtof a drive rod' 244. The rodsi24", 25 and 24 areon the same horizontal planet and are disposed Ain laterally-'spaced parallel relation.

Asis apparent from the foregoing, as rthedrive shaft I2 is rotated, theY rock levers I5 and IS are rocked in opposite'directions whereby.. the upperfforkv 22 of the lever IB, together with-the lever^28and its fork 29, will be rocked in-one direction, While the rock lever I5 and its fork 3 reciprocated simultaneously in the opposite direction. I have found that such opposite reciprocation of parts tends to reduce vibration.

A top of the handle l is provided with an end wall 33 and inset side Walls 34 and 35 on which is mounted the cutter head now to be described. Referring particularly to Figure 2, it will be noted that the rods 25, 24 and 24 extend through the end wall 35 and are slidable in suitable bearings 36 formed therein. This feature is likewise well shown in Figure 3. Outwardly of the wall 35, the rods 24, 25 and 24 terminate in a sealed chamber 44 which is adapted to contain any suitable lubricant. Such outer ends of the rods are connected by upwardly-directed crossheads 31, 38 and 39 to rods 4U, 4| and 42 which extend in spaced parallel relation to the lrstnamed rods through bearings 43 in the wall 35. The chamber 44 is closed outwardly of the wall 35 by a wall 45 on which is mounted for vertical sliding movement a closure 46 which gives access to the interior of the actual cutters. The wall 45, together with the closure 46 and the mounting means therefor, are substantially identical to the like structure shown in my prior patent aforesaid and form no part of the present invention apart from the lubricant-containing chamber 44.

The opposite inset wall 34 of the handle IU has pivotally mounted thereon an end plate 41 by pivot means 48. A suitable screw 49 secures the plate 41 in closed position, and the plate likewise mounts -a slidable closure 50 for access to the interior of the cutters. The structure of the end plate 41, pivot 48, screw 49 and closure 56 is each substantially identical to like structure disclosed in my prior patent and forms no part of this invention.

The end plates 41 and 45 are formed to provide inwardly-directed bearing-providing portions on which are rotatably mounted the outwardlyflared ends 52 of a shear head 53. As a matter of fact, there are two shear` heads 53, which are substantially identical and both of which are driven by the rock lever i6, as will be apparent later. Consequently, it will suce to describe but a single one of such shear heads. In use, as the shear heads are passed over the face of the user, the heads are adapted to rotate relative to the cutters contained therein. The cutters 54 are likewise substantially identical and are tubular in form. The lower portions of the cutters 54 have xed thereto in any suitable manner sleeves 55 which slidably receive the rods 4| and 42. Each sleeve on the end remote from the end Wall 35 has secured thereto in any suitable manner a spring latch 56 which includes a depending linger 51, which seats in a notch 56 formed in the free end of each of the rods 4| and 42, Figure 8. In like manner, the rod 40 and its associated cutter and shear head, to be described later, is provided with a corresponding sleeve 55 and latch 56. As is apparent from Figure 8, with the latch in the position shown, the cutters 54 are connected to the rods 40, 4| and 42 for reciprocation therewith. At the same time, and as clearly shown in Figure 2, when the closure or end plate 41 is swung to an open position, ready access may l readily apparent that the cutters 54 are slotted, as at 60, to provide a plurality of cutter bars 6I. The cutter bars 6|, together with their slots, extend at right angles to the axis of reciprocation of the cutters 54. Moreover, as is readily apparent in Figure 9, the cutter bars 6| are triangular in cross-section with the base of the triangle providing a smooth, arcuate surface bearing against the inner surface of the shear head 53.

Each shear head 53 is formed to provide a plurality of diamond-shaped apertures separated by relatively narrow cutter bars 63. The long axes of the apertures 62 lie parallel to the slots 60 and the cutter bars 6| aforesaid.

As is readily apparent from Figure 9, with the parts arranged as last described, the cutter bars 6| of the cutters 54 force the hairs 64 against the cutter bars 63 of the shear heads with a universal shearing action. This is achieved and improved upon by the fact that in normal use the shear heads are likewise rotating about the cutters, while the latter are reciprocating. Thus, the shear heads exert a shearing action of their own against the hairs' 64, while the cutters are likewise exerting a separate shearing action. For the purposes of providing ready cleaning of the shear heads 53, it is preferred that the corners of the apertures 62 be slightly rounded to prevent the accumulation of dirt or the like therein. Such structure is clearly shown at 65 in Figure 9.

Referring now to Figures l and 5, and also to Figure 4, a cutter 66 is secured to the rod 40 in the manner previously described. The cutter 66 Works within a stationary shear head 61 and both the cutter 66 and shear head 61 are tubular in coniiguration and substantially quadrantshaped in cross-section. The arcuate cutting surface of the cutter 66 is provided with a plurality of helically-disposed slots 68 which define a plurality of cutter bars 69 which are rectangular in cross-section. In like manner, the arcuate face of the shear head 61 is provided with a plurality of short helical slots 10 defining cutter bars 1| and cross-bars 12. The angle of spiral of the slots 10 and cutter bars 1| is oppositely disposed with respect to the like angles of the cutter bars 69 and slots 68 of the cutter. The cutter 66 and shear head 61 are particularly applicable to the cutting of relatively long hairs, whereas the revolving shear heads "53 and the cutters 54 particularly adapted for regular shaving. In this connection, it should be noted, as is shown in Figure 1, that the intermedi-ate or central shear head 53 lies in a slightly higher plane than do either the shear head 61 o1; the outer shear head 53. 'Ihis construction permits the user of the device to use either both of the shear heads 53 at once without using the shear head 61, or to use the shear head 61 with one of the shear heads 53.

Referring now to Figure 6, there is shown a modified shear head and cutter corresponding to the shear head 61 and cutter 66. In this form of the invention, the shear head |61 is provided with a plurality of undulated shear bars |1| connected by cross-bars |12 which extend across slots |10. As in the first-described form of the invention, the slots |10 are slightly helical in one direction. In like manner, the cutter |66 is provided with a plurality of slots |64 which are helically inclined in the opposite direction and which denne a plurality of cutter bars |65 which are undulated to be complementary to the shear bars I 1|. As in the rst-described form of the invention, the cutter |66 is secured to a rod |40 correspondinggto the rod 40 previously described and is slidably seated in a sleeve 55 and secured therein by va latch |56 which corresponds to the sleeve- 55 and latch 56 ofthe preferred form of the invention. A suitableI spring |63 is interposedbetween the lower part of the cutter "|66 and the oorof the-shear head |51. The spring |53 loadsthe cutting surfaces of the cutter and shear head together inawell known manner.

In like manner, a suitable leaf spring 13 is interposed between theunder surface of the cutter 66 of the preferred form and its shear head 61, whereby to load .the cuttnglsurfaces of the parts into close-fitting engagement.

Referring now to Figure 7, there is there disclosed -a modification of the-means connecting the motor to the cutters. As there disclosed, rods corresponding to the rods 24, 25 and 3|) of the'- preferred form of the invention extend through bearings 36 in the end wall 35 of the handle IB; However, inwardly of the lubricantcontaining-chamber 44, therods |25 are connectedto an upper rod |40 by an integral crosshead |38 rather than the separ-ate crosshead 38 disclosed in the first-described form of the invention. Otherwise, the parts function as previously described, and it is to be understood that each of the rods 24, 25 and 3@ is formed in the manner shown in Figure 7, even though but one is illustrated.

While I have shown and described what is now thought to be the preferred embodiments of mv invention, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible of other forms and expression. Consequently, I do not limit myself to the precise structures shown and described hereinabove except as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

l. In a dry shaver including a longitudinal casing adapted to serve as a handle, a plurality of spaced shear heads arranged transversely of said casing adjacent one end thereof, and a cutter mounted in each of said shear heads for reciprocatory movement with respect to said head, a drive mechanism operatively connected to said cutters for effecting the reciprocatory movement thereof, said drive mechanism comprising a transversely disposed drive shaft arranged within said casing, a pair of eccentrics arranged in face to face relation and displaced 180 with respect to each other and mounted on said drive shaft for rotation therewith, a stub shaft arranged in parallel spaced relation with respect to said first shaft Within said casing and lxedly supported in said casing, a iirst lever arranged longitudinally of and within said casing and supported on said stub shaft intermediate its ends for rocking movement therearound, one end of said first lever being connected to one of said eccentrics and the other end being connected to the cutter of one head adjacent thereto, a first collar circumposed about said stub shaft and having one end nxedly secured to said first lever, a second lever arranged longitudinally of and within said casing and having one end connected to the other of said eccentrics, a first arm arranged transversely of said second lever and having one end secured to the other end of said second lever, a second arm arranged longitudinally of and within said casing and having one end secured to the other end of said first arm and having the other end connected to the cutter of another head adjacent thereto, said second arm being supported on said stub shaft intermediate its ends for rocking movement therearound, a i

'secondf collar circumposed about said 'stub' shaft and facing said first collar and having one end fixedlysecured to said second arm, and embracing means-onthe other end-of` one of said collars and slidably engaging ltheother end of the other of said collars for securing the other ends ofr saidy collars together to` thereby form a closed housing forreceiving a.r charge of lubricant.

2. In a dry'shaver includinga longitudinal casing adapted to serve asa handle, a plurality of spacedshear heads Varranged transversely of said casing adjacent one end thereof, and a cutter mounted in each of said shear heads for recipe rocatory movement VWith-respect to said head,'.a drive mechanism operatively connected to said cutters for effecting the reciprocatory movement thereof, said drive mechanism comprising a transversely disposed drive shaft arranged within said casing, a pair of eccentrics arranged in face to face relation and displace with respect to each other and mounted on said drive shaft for rotation therewith, a stubshaft arranged'in parallel spacedrelationwith respect to said first shaft within said casing and fixedly supported in saidY casing, a first lever arranged longitudinally of and within said casing and supported on said stub shaft intermediate its ends for rocking movement therearound, one end of said rst lever being connected to one of said eccentrics and the other end being connected to the cutter of one head adjacent thereto, a first collar circumposed about said stub shaft and having one end fixedly secured to said first lever, a second lever arranged longitudinally of and within said casing and having one end connected to the other of said eccentrics, a first arm arranged transversely of said second lever and having on end secured to the other end of said second lever, a second arm arranged longitudinally of and within said casing and having one end secured to the other end of said first arm and having the other end connected to the cutter of another head adjacent thereto, said second arm being supported on said stub shaft intermediate its ends for rocking movement therearound, a second collar circumposed about said stub shaft and facing said first collar and having one end flXedly secured to said second arm, a third lever arranged longitudinally of and within said casing fixedly secured to said second arm and supported on said stub shaft intermediate its ends for rocking movement therearound, a third arm arranged transversely of said third lever and having one end Xedly secured to the adjacent end of said third lever and having the other end connected to the cutter of still another head adjacent thereto, and embracing means on the other end of one of said coilars and slidably engaging the other end of the other of said collars for securing the other ends of said collars together to thereby form a closed housing for receiving a charge of lubricant.

3, In a dry shaver including a longitudinal casing adapted to serve as a handle, a plurality of spaced shear heads arranged transversely of said casing adjacent one end thereof, and a cutter mounted in each of said shear heads for reciprocatory movement with respect to said head, a drive mechanism operatively connected to said cutters for effecting the reciprocatory movement thereof, said drive mechanism comprising a transversely disposed drive shaft arranged within said casing, a pair of eccentrics arranged in face to face relation and displace 180 with respect to each other and mounted on said drive shaft for rotation therewith, a stub shaft arranged in parallel spaced relation with respect to said rst shaft Within said casing and fixedly supported in said casing, a rst lever arranged longitudinally of and Within said casing and supported on said stub shaft intermediate its ends for rocking movement therearound, a yoke on one end of said rst lever and embracing one of said eccentrics and the other end being connected to the cutter of one head adjacent thereto, a first collar circumposed about said stub shaft and having one end xedly secured to said first lever, a second lever arranged longitudinally of and within said casing, a second yoke on one end of said second lever and embracing the other of said eccentrics, a rst arm arranged transversely of said second lever and having one end secured to the other end of said second lever, a second arm arranged longitudinally of and within said casing and having one end secured to the other end of said rst arm and having the other end connected to the cutter of another head adjacent thereto, said second arm being supported on said stub shaft intermediate its ends for rocking movement therearound, a second collar circumposed about said stub shaft and facing said rst collar and having one end xedly secured to said second arm, and embracing means embodying a cylindrical flange on the other end of one of said collars and slidably engaging the other end of the other of said collars for securing the other ends of said collars Atogether to thereby form a closed housing for receiving a charge of lubricant.

THEODORE BAILEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,525,313 Moore Feb. 3, 1925 2,183,442 Blackwell Dec. 12, 1939 2,231,913 Huber Feb. 18, 1941 2,262,387 Dalkowitz Nov. 11, 1941 2,273,739 Te Pas Feb. 17, 1942 2,314,073 Campbell Mar. 16, 1943 2,331,466 Going Oct. 12, 1943 2,335,413 Hicks Nov. 30, 1943 2,363,849 Bailey Nov. 28, 1944 

